Lichens: Symbiotic association between algae and fungi. Vascular tissues are present in so-called vascular cryptogams. Pteridophyta: The plant body is differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves. Thallophyta: The plant body is thallus-like (undifferentiated plant body).īryophyta: plant body with a root-like structure, stem-like structure, vascular tissues are absent). Divided into two-Cryptogamae (non-flowering, seedless plants) and Phanerogamae (flowering, seed-bearing plants).īased on the Plant Body Cryptogamae is divided into Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta. Numerical Taxonomy : Taxonomy based on statistical methods with equal importance using computers.Ĭytotaxonomy: Taxonomy that is based on cytology or structure of the cell (chromosome number, shape, behaviour, etc).Ĭhemotaxonomy: Taxonomy based on chemical constituents of plants (nature of the protein, DNA sequence, taste, smell, etc).Įichler Classification : The classification of Plant kingdom depending on flowering. The use of phylogeny for classification was done by Eichler, Blessy, Whittaker, Engler, and Prantl, Hutchinson.
Phylogenetic System : Classification based on the evolutionary relationship of plants. Bentham and hooker, Adanson, Candolle used a natural system of classification.ģ.
Natural System: In this system, the classification is based on all the important related characters. Theophrastus, Pliny, and Linnaeus used an artificial system of classification.Ģ. Artificial System: In this system, the classification is based on few morphological characters.
Whittaker classified the whole living organism into five kingdoms based on the complexity of cell structure (Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic), the complexity of the body (unicellular and multicellular), and mode of nutrition (autotrophs and heterotrophs).Īll the classification systems, starting from that of Aristotle to the 20 th century, can be divided into three types:ġ.
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